Soldiers Bereaved Family Medal 군인유족기장 (軍人遺族記章)
Commonly referred to as the “Next of Kin Medal”, “Killed In Action Medal” or more simply as the K.I.A. Medal. It is awarded to bereaved families of servicemen, who were either, killed in action, died of war wounds or died from disease contracted at the front. It was established on Apr. 9, 1951 by Presidential Decree #470.
It is intriguing that this medal is almost identical to the Japanese Bereaved Family Medal. Korea was occupied by Japan from 1910 to the end of WWII. During WWII, more than 240,000 Koreans were conscripted into the Japanese army and approx. 22,182 of them were killed in action. Hundreds of thousands of Koreans died in Japanese forced labor camps and factories. Purportedly, some 70,000(?) Koreans were killed by the A bomb at Hiroshima. With the amount of animosity that Koreans had toward Japan, one can only speculate on Korea’s reasoning for creating a virtually identical medal. I can only speculate that so many Korean families received the Japanese medal during WWII, that the newly created Republic of Korea wanted to keep some form of continuity. On the reverse of the medal, behind the Mugunghwa Flower, you will find the Chinese inscription 大韓民國軍人遺族記章 (대한민국군인유족기장) Republic of Korea Soldier’s Bereaved Family Medal.
In addition to the medal, the Bereaved Family would receive a small plaque to post on the gate to their property, which signifies that they had lost a family member. The inscription down the center 충절의집 translates to “House of Loyalty”. Later, these plaques were done in plastic with a slightly different inscription 忠節의집. The Chinese characters on this plate translate into Korean characters as 충절. Making the two inscriptions identical. It is my belief that the plastic plaque was probably from the late 1950s or early 1960s, while the metal plates date from the 1950s. Japan utilized similar doorplates before and during WWII, see the example below.
Original Door Post Plaque in metal.
Later Door Post Plaque in Plastic. (Darkened from age and sunlight.)
During and after the Korean War, there were numerous organizations to help Bereaved Families deal with their loss.
